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Emily Brooks.

When NYC Invented Modern Policing: On WWII–Era Surveillance and Discrimination

From the 1880s to the 1940s, New York City was transformed—and so too was the New York City Police Department.
Photo of a crowded street in NYC with carts and vendors blocking the roads

How the NYPD Attempted to Navigate Cultural and Linguistic Barriers in the Early 20th Century

One of the biggest challenges for the NYPD, especially in the years following the turn of the twentieth century, was policing the newcomer immigrants.
Man standing on top of a phone booth, surrounded by rioters outside of city hall.

The Forgotten City Hall Riot

In 1992, thousands of drunken cops raged against the mayor of New York — leaving an indelible mark on the city’s likely next mayor.
Ahsanullah "Bobby" Khan, wearing a t-shirt that says "Deportee."

Return To Little Pakistan: Bobby Khan v. The Police

An immigrant born to working-class activism stands up to an NYPD reborn in the CIA's image.
New York

The So-Called 'Kidnapping Club' Featured Cops Selling Free Black New Yorkers Into Slavery

Outright racism met financial opportunity when men like Isiah Rynders accrued wealth through legal, but nefarious, means.
New York Police Department logo on the side of a car.

Why Are NYPD Cruisers Playing the Ice Cream Truck Jingle?

The melody occupies a niche space at the intersection of ice cream, entertainment, and Black history.

Power and Policing in New York City

How the NYPD and its conservative allies have used fear and race baiting to curtail attempts to limit policing power in the city.
Mounted NYPD officers parade down Broadway.

World War I Preparedness and the Militarization of the NYPD

From food rationing to drafting soldiers, preparedness and all it involved included a full-scale reorganization of American society, including the NYPD.
People standing around the aftermath of a train accident in 1926.

A Roomful of Death and Destruction

The room at One Police Plaza, jammed to the ceiling with filing cabinets and boxes, and reeking of vinegar, held about 180,000 images ranging from 1914 to 1972.
Man burning a picture of Abraham Lincoln.

City on Fire

The night violent anti-government conspirators sowed chaos in the heart of Manhattan.
A 1963 photo of Martin Luther King Jr. addressing the thousands of people gathered at the Lincoln Memorial during the March on Washington.
partner

Campus Protests Are Called Disruptive. So Was the Civil Rights Movement

Like student protesters today, Martin Luther King Jr. and other 1960s civil rights activists were criticized as disruptive and disorderly.
NYPD officers in riot gear march onto Columbia University campus, where pro-Palestinian students were barricaded inside a building and set up an encampment, on April 30, 2024.

Columbia’s Violence Against Protesters Has a Long History

An overlooked history of selective policing at Columbia has undermined the safety of those within as well as beyond campus walls.
Streetview of New York City.

How the 9/11 Attacks Sparked a Never-Ending Wave of Gentrification

The post-9/11 landscape witnessed crackdowns on New York City nightlife amidst efforts to increase tourism.
Participants celebrate during the L.A. Pride Parade in the Hollywood section of Los Angeles on June 12, 2022.
partner

The History Missing From the LGBTQ Story Told During Pride Month

Why reinserting race and class into our understanding of Pride is so important.
Book cover for Captives: How Rikers Island Took New York City Hostage," showing a photo of incarcerated men speaking to the media.

How Rikers Island Made New York

In “Captives,” former Rikers detainee Jarrod Shanahan traces the history of New York City’s sprawling jail complex, and its centrality to brutal class struggle.
A still from the 1955 film 'Wiretapper.' The still depicts a man wearing headphones and touching a wire.

When New York City was a Wiretapper’s Dream

Eavesdropping flourished after WWII, aided by legal loopholes, clever hacks, and “private ears”.
Photograph of Afeni Shakur holding a camera.

Afeni Shakur Took on the State and Won

Pregnant and facing decades in prison, the mother of Tupac Shakur fought for her life — and triumphed — in the trial of the Panther 21.
Nicole Collazo-Santiago leads a chant outside the Goldman Sachs Building.

Life Can Be Different: 10 Years Ago, Occupy Wall Street Changed the World

The movement launched a generation of leftist activists –and gave them a vision of real change.
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9/11 Heroes: Surviving the Biggest Attack on U.S. Soil

First responders who survived 9/11 don’t want the day to be forgotten.
Mounted police clashing with strikers, one carrying an American flag, outside an electrical plant in Philadelphia, 1946

Cops at War: How World War II Transformed U.S. Policing

As wartime labor shortages depleted police forces, and fear of crime grew, chiefs turned to new initiatives to strengthen and professionalize their officers.
A police officer on a horse in a city street
partner

The Problem With Asking Police to Enforce Public Health Measures

Policing public health is likely to result in increased racial disparities.
NYPD officers in front of an American flag.

There’s Truth in Numbers in Policing – Until There Isn’t

To hold the police accountable for misconduct, data related to police violence must not only become more accessible, it must also become more reliable.
Rapper YG, one of a crowd of people at a protest over the death of George Floyd.

Hip-hop Is the Soundtrack to Black Lives Matter Protests

Songs from Public Enemy and Ludacris have been heard at marches, continuing a tradition that dates back to the blues.
A wanted poster that reads "Wanted by the people: murder, aggravated assault and battery, denying civil rights, perjury. Brinley Evans, Thomas Lyons."

Wanted: An End to Police Terror

The pursuit of justice has been defined by a rote binary of punished in a cage versus unpunished and free.
Rudy Giuliani and Donald Trump.
partner

The Rudy Giuliani of Today is Just the Same Old Rudy

Giuliani’s old playbook of engaging in the politics of white grievance fits perfectly with his role as an unofficial aide to President Trump.
Front page of the New York Daily News about Vivien Gordon's murder.

The 1930s Investigation That Took Down New York's Mayor—and Then Tammany Hall

When FDR found out how beholden New York politicians were to mobsters, he ordered the Seabury commission to investigate.
Pinball machine with a clown face.

A Menace to Society: The War on Pinball in America

Pinball hasn’t always been an all-American game of fun: for decades it was an object of widespread moral outrage.
Malcolm X.

Malcolm X Assassination: 50 Years On, Mystery Still Clouds Details of the Case

Despite Freedom of Information requests throughout the years, New York still will not release records to the public.
Close up of violin
partner

Who Is the Black Cop?

What is it like to be a Black police officer, and how does the Black community feel about these officers?
Vintage photograph of condom testing, depicting a table full of condoms blown up like balloons, and two men inspecting them.

Margaret Sanger's Bold, Gutsy Response to a 1929 Raid on a Birth Control Clinic

A feminist rant for the ages.

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