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Group of seated Black soldiers listening to staff sergeant explain G.I. Bill of Rights

How a Hostile America Undermined Its Black World War II Veterans

Service members were attacked, discredited, and shortchanged on GI benefits—with lasting implications.
original

Redlining is Only Part of the Story

An annotated collection of resources from the Bunk archive that help explain the long history of housing discrimination.
Rescue workers look through the roof of a submerged Rapid City house for flood victims on June 12, 1972.
partner

A Largely Forgotten Flood Ignited The Environmental Justice Movement

The Rapid City flood helped define pervasive environmental injustice and catalyze action.
Anita Villarreal with a campaigning Richard J. Daley

The US Arrested Her—Then She Changed Chicago

In the 1960s, Chicago’s white neighborhoods didn’t want Mexican Americans moving in. But one determined real estate broker changed everything.
Children play basketball in front of boarded-up houses in Baltimore.
Exhibit

Housing Injustice

This exhibit explores the complex legacies of redlining, urban renewal, and financial deregulation to explain the persistence – and costs – of residential segregation today.

Map and photo of Seneca Village

Let’s Talk About the Taking of Black Land

From Seneca Village to “urban renewal,” the government has claimed Black property—rarely with the “just compensation” promised by the Fifth Amendment.
Collage of a residential security map.

The Lasting Legacy Of Redlining

We looked at 138 formerly redlined cities and found most were still segregated — just like they were designed to be.
1935 redlining map of the cities of Pawtucket and Central Falls in Rhode Island.

Reporting on Redlining: An Interview with Scott Markley

How can historic data about segregation, redlining, and real estate be more accessible? In this interview, we dive into a new data set derived from HOLC maps.
Screen capture of a Black man standing in an urban residential neighborhood, speaking in the documentary "Who Killed the Fourth Ward?"

How “Who Killed Fourth Ward?” Challenged the Nature of Documentary Filmmaking

James Blue’s film investigated the destruction of a Black neighborhood in Houston, but it is also a powerful self-interrogation.
A Black man sits at his dining room looking through property records

Racial Covenants, a Relic of the Past, Are Still on the Books Across the Country

Racial covenants made it illegal for Black people to live in white neighborhoods. Now they're illegal, but you may still have one on your home's deed.
Kristen Clarke, assistant U.S. attorney general for civil rights, speaking at a podium
partner

The Keys to Ensuring a New Anti-Redlining Initiative Succeeds

History offers some pointers for government regulators.
Residential Security map of central Chicago, sourced from "Mapping Inequality"

How Academia Laid the Groundwork for Redlining

The connections between private industry and government were much more fluid than was previously imagined.
Ariel view of Hlll District over the years

A Black Vision for Development, in the Birthplace of Urban Renewal

Pittsburgh’s Lower Hill District was razed by the federal government 65 years ago. Now developers are testing the question of how to correct for a racist past.

Evanston, Ill., Leads the Country With First Reparations Program for Black Residents

The $10 million initiative will provide housing and mortgage assistance to address discrimination.
Dominique Walker, a member of Moms 4 Housing and group spokeswoman, speaking in front of City Hall

Redlining, Predatory Inclusion, and Housing Segregation

Redlining itself cannot explain this persistence of inequality in America's cities.
partner

Burden of Richmond Evictions Weighs Heaviest in Black Neighborhoods

An eviction moratorium has slowed filings in cities like Richmond, but it hasn’t stopped them, and Black tenants are at highest risk.

In U.S. Cities, The Health Effects Of Past Housing Discrimination Are Plain To See

Explore maps of 142 cities to see the lingering harms of the racist lending policies known as redlining.
Fire insurance map heading for East Detroit

Blight by Association: Why a White Working-Class Suburb Changed Its Name

The stretches one Detroit suburb made to justify a name change — the ‘burb’s supposedly colorblind arguments were anything but.
partner

Not Even Past: Social Vulnerability and the Legacy of Redlining

Juxtaposing contemporary public health data with 1930s redlining maps reveals one of the legacies of urban racial segregation.
President Richard Nixon, HUD Secretary George Romney, and Washington Mayor Walter stand near a pile of rubble

How Federal Housing Programs Failed Black America

Even housing policies that sought to create more Black homeowners were stymied by racism and a determination to shrink the government’s presence.
Demonstrators surround a police car during the Watts uprising in 1965
partner

Understanding Today’s Uprisings Requires Understanding What Came Before Them

The media must make the long years of organizing as visible as the eruptions and uprisings.
A group of seven black sharecroppers stand by the road.

Black Americans, Crucial Workers in Crises, Emerge Worse Off – Not Better

In many national crises, black Americans have been essential workers – but serving in crucial roles has not resulted in economic equality.

COVID-19 and the Color Line

Due to racist policies, Black Americans are dying of COVID-19 at much higher rates than whites, and nowhere more so than in St. Louis.
An illustration from a book of homes published by a Pennsylvania lumber company in 1920

The Latent Racism of the Better Homes in America Program

How Better Homes in America—a collaboration between Herbert Hoover and the editor of a conservative women’s magazine—promoted idealized whiteness.
1937 Assessment Grades from the Homeowners' Loan Corporation

Mapping the Legacy of Structural Racism in Philadelphia

An interactive data report presents the impact of structural racism on Philadelphia, mapping 2019’s homicides and present day disadvantage with 1930s redlining maps.
partner

A New Housing Program to Fight Poverty has an Unexpected History

Some cities are trying to help poor children succeed by having their families move to middle-income, "opportunity areas" -- an idea once politically impossible.

Walking with the Ghosts of Black Los Angeles

"You can't disentangle blackness and California."
partner

Why The Racial Wealth Gap Persists, More Than 150 Years After Emancipation

When one system of economic oppression collapsed, new ones were created to fill the void.

Inside the St. Louis Rent Strike of 1969

Led by African American women, the strike inspired legislation that affected the entire nation.

An Oral History of Trump’s Bigotry

His racism and intolerance have always been in evidence; only slowly did he begin to understand how to use them to his advantage.

All Stick No Carrot: Racism, Property Tax Assessments, and Neoliberalism Post 1945 Chicago

Black homeowners have been an oft ignored actor in metropolitan history despite playing a central role.

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