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The August 19, 1864 document recording Jacob Hoeflick’s release on bail twice

Uncovering Extrajudicial Black Resistance in Richmond's Civil War Court Records

Historians must read every imperfect archive with a particular perspicacity, to uncover the histories so many archives were meant to suppress or erase.
Graph of tax rates on top marginal earned income vs. long term capital gains, 1918-2020.

Why Is Wealth White?

In the 20th century, a moral economy of “whites-only” wealth animated federal policies and programs that created the propertied white middle class.
Empty classroom.

The Neoliberal Superego of Education Policy

Institutional reform is no match for pervasive structural inequality.
Opened standardized test booklet with pencil on top.

Can Standardized Testing Escape Its Racist Past?

High-stakes testing has struggled with overt and implicit biases. Should it still have a place in modern education?
Black Bottom, West Philadelphia.

How The Inquirer Covered the Clearing of West Philadelphia’s Black Bottom

Only one Philadelphia paper covered Black Bottom. And it wasn't The Inquirer.
Roi Ottley and other African American panelists on radio quiz program.

How African Americans Entered Mainstream Radio

For nearly 50 years, commercial radio companies only employed white broadcasters to target information and entertainment to mainstream America.
Collage of people and water.

America’s Blueprint For Urban Inequity Was Drawn in Philly. Where Do We Go From Here?

From a bus line named Jim Crow to racial violence at public parks, racism shaped Philadelphia. Can we imagine a more equitable city?
Engraving of freed slaves arriving at Union lines, New Bern, North Carolina, 1863.

The Emancipators’ Vision

Was abolition intended as a perpetuation of slavery by other means?
White students, including Jerry Jones, at Arkansas' North Little Rock High blocked the doors of the school Sept. 9, 1957, denying access to six Black students.

Jerry Jones Helped Transform the NFL, Except When It Comes To Race

Decades after the segregation battles of his youth, Jerry Jones has modernized the NFL’s revenue model but hasn’t hired a Black head coach.
The Supreme Court in 1904.

The Insular Cases Survive Because the American Legal System Keeps Them Safe

The justices’ decision not to hear challenges to the explicitly racist Insular Cases is part of a long tradition of favoring process over substance.
Black and white image of Charles Hamilton Houston, standing at a desk alongside other attorneys, circa 1940.

Students for Fair Admissions v. Harvard and the History Behind Colorblind Admissions

Colorblindness has a long history in college admissions, the Black intellectual tradition, and today’s assault on affirmative action and race-conscious policies.
Postwar photograph of a white family holding hands, looking at a new suburban house for sale.
partner

Whites-Only Suburbs: How the New Deal Shut Out Black Homebuyers

Race-based federal lending rules from New Deal programs kept Black families out of suburban neighborhoods, a policy that continues to slow economic mobility.
Redlining map from the 1930s

The Tyranny Of The Map: Rethinking Redlining

In trying to understand one of the key aspects of structural racism, have we constructed a new moralistic story that obscures more than it illuminates?
Photo of gate at Harvard University.

Black Students At Harvard Have Always Resisted Racism

Faculty and staff once owned slaves, and professors taught racial eugenics.
William Barber III standing in front of Vera Brown Farm.

Rebuilding the Homestead

How Black landowners in eastern North Carolina are recovering generational wealth lost to industry encroachment.
Supreme Court and college admissions illustration.

The Anti-Antiracist Court

How the Supreme Court has weaponized the Fourteenth Amendment and Brown v. Board of Education against antiracism.
Destruction in Fort Myers Beach after Hurricane Ian.
partner

Hurricanes Have Hampered Racial Justice Activism in the Past

Just before a lynch mob was to face trial in Florida in 1926, a storm hit.
Group of seated Black soldiers listening to staff sergeant explain G.I. Bill of Rights

How a Hostile America Undermined Its Black World War II Veterans

Service members were attacked, discredited, and shortchanged on GI benefits—with lasting implications.
original

Redlining is Only Part of the Story

An annotated collection of resources from the Bunk archive that help explain the long history of housing discrimination.
A high school yearbook photo of Elizabeth Prewitt.

I Never Saw the System

As a white teenager in Charlotte, Elizabeth Prewitt saw mandatory school busing as a personal annoyance. Going to an integrated high school changed that.
Image of "Nature" journal published in 1904

How "Nature" Contributed To Science’s Discriminatory Legacy

We want to acknowledge — and learn from — our history.
Photograph shows two white men overseeing African American men hammering boulders as others walk with wheelbarrows.

Locked Up: The Prison Labor That Built Business Empires

Companies across the South profited off the forced labor of people in prison after the Civil War – a racist system known as convict leasing.
Upside down statue spray painted "slave owner."

My Father’s Family Kept Slaves – and He Defended It. Acknowledging It Matters

Amid a rise of laws forbidding discussions of racist histories, sharing our ancestors’ shameful wrongdoings is more urgent than ever.
Jackson City firefighters and Humana volunteers help distribute more than 40,000 bottles of water and 3,000 MREs to Jackson, Miss., residents Sept. 2.
partner

The Water Crisis in Jackson Has Been Decades in the Making

Mississippi's Black residents have long fought for access to clean water.
Black and white portrait of an African American family with coats and bags ready for travel.

The Myth of Racial Reconciliation

We will never truly achieve racial justice until we, collectively, learn how to treat and heal the wound of white supremacy.
Black-and-white photograph of black students sitting in a classroom at the Tuskegee Institute.

The Complicity of the Textbooks

A new book traces how the writing of American history, from Reconstruction on, has falsified and illuminated our racial past.
“Raise Up,” a statue by artist Hank Willis Thomas of African Americans with their hands raised above their heads, is featured in the National Memorial for Peace and Justice in Montgomery, Alabama.

How a Coerced Confession Shaped a Family History

A researcher delves into the past to tell the story of a relative—falsely accused as a boy of a crime in Jim Crow–era South Carolina.
Watts, CA - December 17: A resident is silhouetted walking through Nickerson Gardens, the largest public housing development west of the Mississippi River in Watts at sunset Friday, Dec. 17, 2021. (Allen J. Schaben / Los Angeles Times)

How Historic Redlining Led to Extreme Heat in the Watts Community

The lack of investment in neighborhoods has resulted in communities of color living in areas far hotter than those of their white neighbors.
Abstract collage artwork called "the weight of scars."

A Framework to Help Us Understand the World

Out of a common history emerged racism, capitalism, and the whole world. This offers us a clue on how to change that world.
Los Angeles at dusk.

The Politics of Concrete

Infrastructural projects should be understood in terms of whose lives they make more livable—and the futures they enable or foreclose.

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