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Curated stories from around the web.
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N95 mask

The Untold Origin Story of the N95 Mask

The most important design object of our time was more than a century in the making.

Mapping a Demon Malady: Cholera Maps and Affect in 1832

Cholera maps chart the movement of the disease, and the terror that accompanied it.

It Doesn't Have to Be a War

The Trump administration appears ready to invoke the Defense Production Act to speed manufacture of essential goods like face masks.
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Surviving a Pandemic, in 1918

A century ago, Catholic nuns from Philadelphia recalled what it was like to tend to the needy and the sick during the great influenza pandemic of 1918.

‘A Once-in-a-Century Pathogen’: The 1918 Pandemic & This One

What we can learn from the Spanish flu.
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President Trump Must Act Immediately to Protect Doctors and Nurses from Covid-19

Using the Defense Production Act is long overdue — and the health of our doctors and nurses is at stake.

The Epidemics America Got Wrong

Government inaction or delay have shaped the course of many infectious disease outbreaks in our country.

Everything You Know About Mass Incarceration Is Wrong

The US carceral state is a monstrosity with few parallels in history. But most accounts fail to understand how it was created, and how we can dismantle it.

Comic Gold

The Gold Rush introduced a new figure into the American imagination – the effete Eastern urbanite who travels to the Wild West in quest of his fortune.

Will This Year’s Census Be the Last?

In the past two centuries, the evolution of the U.S. Census has tracked the country’s social tensions and reflected its political controversies.
A lone person sits in an empty mall.
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Americans Must Relearn to Sacrifice in the Time of Coronavirus

Citizenship used to demand sacrifice. Then we taught Americans to buy things instead.

When Was Toilet Paper Invented and What Did People Use Before?

As coronavirus becomes an ever-increasing threat to our lives, there seems to be one thing that people around the world cannot go without the most.

The Shortages May Be Worse Than the Disease

Over the centuries, societies have shown a long history of making the effects of epidemics worse and furthering their own destruction.
An illustration of Christopher Columbus’s initial meeting with Native Americans.

The Columbian Exchange

A primary source set and teaching guide created by educators.

The 5 WWII Lessons That Could Help the Government Fight Coronavirus

Eighty years ago, U.S. industry mobilized in a big way during a crisis. We could do it again.

The Long Roots of Corporate Irresponsibility

Nicholas Lemann’s history of 20th century corporations, Transaction Man, shows how an unrelenting faith in the market and profit doomed the American economy.

Remember You Will Be Buried

Tracing the American cemetery from the colonial age to the Gilded Age.
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How Suffering Shaped Emancipation

Jim Downs discusses the plight of freed slaves during the Civil War and Reconstruction.

The Cook Who Became a Pariah

New York, 1907. Mary Mallon spreads infection, unaware that her name will one day become synonymous with typhoid.

Why You Should Stop Joking That Black People Are Immune to Coronavirus

There’s a fatal history behind the claim that African Americans are more resistant to diseases like Covid-19 or yellow fever.
People standing in line, social distancing six feet apart.
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Social Distancing Won’t Happen Until Governments Order It

Just like in wartime, compulsion is a must.

Missouri Compromised

Anti-slavery protest during the Missouri statehood debate.
Sign reading "Is your child vaccinated?"
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Contagion

How prior generations of Americans responded to the threat of infectious disease.

How The 'Pox' Epidemic Changed Vaccination Rules

During the 1898-1904 pox epidemic, public health officials and policemen forced thousands of Americans to be vaccinated against their will.

History in a Crisis - Lessons for Covid-19

The history of epidemics offers considerable advice, but only if people know the history and respond with wisdom.
Minskoff Theatre entrance.

Shakespeare Wrote His Best Works During a Plague

The qualities for which live theater is celebrated—audiences responding with laughter, tears, gasps, and coughs—accelerate its danger.

Roaming Charges: Super Tuesday at Manzanar

A report from the site of a former concentration camp.
North Street, Boston, in 1894.

The Universal Cause

A history of reformers targeting sex trafficking in pursuit of other aims.
A child in an iron lung, used to treat polio patients, aided by a nurse, 1940s.

There is No Cure for Polio

A primary source set and teaching guide created by educators.

The Last of the Iron Lungs

A visit with three of the last polio survivors in the U.S. who still depend on iron lungs.

Mange, Morphine, and Deadly Disease: Medicine and Public Health in Red Dead Redemption 2

The video game offers a realistic portrayal of illness and public health in the 19th-century American West.

Candy Land Was Invented for Polio Wards

A schoolteacher created the popular board game, which celebrates its 70th anniversary this year, for quarantined children.
An 1878 illustration from Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, depicting hungry citizens in Memphis.

The Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1878

A primary source set and teaching guide created by educators.

The True Story of the Awakening of Norman Rockwell

The artist’s Saturday Evening Post covers championed a retrograde view of America. In the 1960s, he had a change of heart.

Did Medgar Evers’ Killer Go Free Because of Jury Tampering?

Jerry Mitchell revisits a dark episode in the struggle for civil rights.

Eugenic Sperm

A "test tube baby" grapples with the dark corners of 20th century reproductive technologies.

Why It Took Congress 40 Years to Pass a Bill Acknowledging the Armenian Genocide

It has little to do with what happened in 1915, and everything to do with Cold War-era geopolitics in the Middle East.

Philadelphia Threw a WWI Parade That Gave Thousands of Onlookers the Flu

The city sought to sell bonds to pay for the war effort, while bringing its citizens together during the infamous pandemic

The Manly Sport of American Politics

19th-century Americans abandoned the English phrasing of "standing" for election and begin to describe candidates who "run" for office. The race was on.

Militarize, Destabilize, Deport, Repeat

Plan Colombia functioned like an ideological laboratory for forever war in the twenty-first century.
Woman in an apothecary.

Madame Yale Made a Fortune With the 19th Century's Version of Goop

A century before today’s celebrity health gurus, an American businesswoman was a beauty with a brand.

A War for Settler Colonialism

Refocusing the study of the Civil War on the West shows that events out west were not simply “noteworthy”; they were emblematic.

The Unquiet Hymnbook in the Early United States

This post is a part of our “Faith in Revolution” series, which explores the ways that religious ideologies and communities shaped the revolutionary era.
Virus seen through a microscope.

How Pandemics Change History

The historian Frank M. Snowden discusses the politics of restricting travel during epidemics and more.
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How Biden vs. Sanders Echoes a 1964 Republican Party Split

Bernie Sanders and Joe Biden are the icons of an ideological split among today’s Democrats, echoing a similar split in the Republican party of 1964.

Time Travel: Daylight Saving Time and the House

When first-term Representative Leon Sacks of Pennsylvania introduced H.R. 6546 on April 21, 1937, the Earth did not stop spinning. But it almost did.

I Helped Fact-Check the 1619 Project. The Times Ignored Me.

The paper’s series on slavery made avoidable mistakes. But the attacks from its critics are much more dangerous.
People wave from a Sons of Confederate Veterans parade float.
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The Latest Battle Over the Confederate Flag Isn’t Happening Where You’d Expect

How the forgotten fight for the West exposes the meaning of the Confederate flag.

These Newly Digitized Military Maps Explore the World of George III

The last British monarch to reign over the American colonies had a collection of more than 55,000 maps, each with their own story to tell.

Emily Dickinson Escapes

A new biography and TV show present Emily Dickinson as a self-aware artist who created a life that defied the limits placed on women.
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