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How to Not Get Poisoned in America

"We should go back into history and ask: Why did we need the federal Pure Food and Drug Act in 1906?"
Ben Cohen giving a presentation

B. R. Cohen on How Food Became “Pure”

On the corrupt, contaminated, deceptive world of 19th-century food adulteration, and how Cohen's own work straddles pure academia and public-facing scholarship.
The poison squad, experimenters that tried poisons and studied their effects, drawn as men in suits striking dramatic poses.

Food Used to Be a Lot More Dangerous

Before the establishment of the modern FDA, anti-regulation attitudes ruled the world of food.

The Deadly Toxin Outbreak That Spurred America's Food Safety System

To prevent botulism in tinned goods, scientists and canners worked with the government to protect the public.

A Little Formaldehyde With Your Milk?

Before you grab the 'raw,' some thoughts on how food was before safety and labeling regs were passed.
Child's Restaurant dining room.

How the Pioneering Childs Restaurant Chain Built an Empire Based on Food Safety and Hygiene

Victorian diners loved white tile, too.
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.
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The History of Why Raw Milk Regulation is Necessary

In the 19th century, tens of thousands of babies died every year of gastroenteritis.
Painting of babies sitting at a table, holding spoons, with a can of condensed milk in the middle

The Sweet Story of Condensed Milk

This nineteenth-century industrial product became a military staple and a critical part of local food culture around the world.
Stevia flowers

Stevia’s Global Story

Native to Paraguay, Ka’a he’e followed a circuitous path through Indigenous medicine, Japanese food science, and American marketing to reach the US sweeteners market.
Collage of meat products emerging from Pat Buchanan's head.

How Food Became a Weapon in The Right’s Culture Wars

First came the politics of right-wing grievance. Then came the new foodie culture. Together, they combined to create one toxic food fight.
Picture of the factories that were placed on the St. Lawrence River.

How US Corporations Poisoned This Indigenous Community

These invisible chemicals changed the Mohawk way of life. They’re probably already in you, too.
Up close picture of a baby bottle.

What Parents Did Before Baby Formula

The shortage is a calamity—not a victory for breastfeeding.
An illustration of a Good Humor ice cream truck with an ice cream man standing next to it, waving. They are surrounded by ice cream products.

The History of the Ice Cream Truck

As innovations go, the Good Humor vehicle is as sweet as it gets.

When Did Cheap Meat Become an “Essential” American Value?

Keeping meat production moving during the pandemic is dangerous. But history shows that there’s little Americans won’t sacrifice for a cheap steak.

Hearts and Stomachs

Upton Sinclair’s The Jungle has come to symbolize an era of muckraking and reform. But its author sought revolution, not regulation.

The Price of Plenty: How Beef Changed America

Exploitation and predatory pricing drove the transformation of the beef industry – and created the model for modern agribusiness.

The First Female MIT Student Started an All-Women Chemistry Lab

Ellen Swallow Richards applied chemistry to the home to advocate for consumer safety and women's education.

The Flavour Revolutionary

Henry Theophilus Finck sought to transform the modern United States, by appealing to Americans' tastebuds.
An 18th-century kitchen in Morristown, New Jersey.

Histories of Hunger in the American Revolution

White soldiers, escaped slaves, and American Indians all dealt with food scarcity but often reacted to it differently.

The 19th-Century Swill Milk Scandal That Poisoned Infants With Whiskey Runoff

Vendors hawked the swill as “Pure Country Milk.”

Atomic Anxiety and the Tooth Fairy: Citizen Science in the Midcentury Midwest

How the St. Louis Baby Tooth Study reconciled the ritual of childhood tooth loss with the geopolitics of nuclear annihilation.

Infectious Diseases Killed Victorian Children at Alarming Rates. Novels Show the Fragility of Health

Between 40% and 50% of children didn’t live past 5 in the US during the 19th century. Authors documented the common but no less gutting grief of losing a child.
Tomato on a spoon.

How the Fridge Changed Flavor

From the tomato to the hamburger bun, the invention has transformed not just what we eat but taste itself.

Fountain Society

The humble drinking fountain can tell us much about a society’s attitudes towards health, hygiene, equity, virtue, public goods and civic responsibilities.
Empty shelves in a grocery store, specifically an aisle for infant formula products.
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Lessons From World War II Can Help us Navigate the Baby Formula Shortage

Children from poor families or with special formula needs are most at risk.
Aerial view of a combine harvester in a grain field.

Abolish the Department of Agriculture

The USDA has become an inefficient monster that often promotes products that are bad for consumers and the environment. Let’s replace it with a Department of Food.
Smithfield factory distribution center.
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As Our Meat, Pork and Poultry Supply Dwindles, We Should Remember Why

While worrying about our food supply, we must also worry about workers producing it.
Cartoon drawing of a shopkeeper in front of a dairy shop.

How Dairy Lunchrooms Became Alternatives to the NYC Saloon ‘Free Lunch.’

Ben Katchor's Brief History of the Dairy Restaurant.

When the Government Decided the Spread on Your Toast Should Be Pink

The ‘margarine wars’ explain the 19th-century struggle to regulate food.

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